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2/01/2009

英语导游怎样写好英文书信 The 5C principles of English letter writing

导游英语书信原则(letters & communications)
一、英文书信写作指南(The ways of English letter writing):
书信作为英语导游沟通信息的使者、与下团后与游客联络感情的纽带、友谊的桥梁,在日常生活与社会交往中有着不可忽视的作用。一封得体的书信,不仅可以传递信息、沟通思想,有助于导游与客人的促进交流,增进了解和加深友谊,而且还有助于导游开展社会交际,节省时间,减少麻烦与不便。
随着对外交流的进一步发展与扩大,英文各类信函的运用范围越来越广。但究竟如何拟就这些信函,这里边学问很大。它不光要求导游掌握书信的格式和行文准则,还要求导游勇于实践并根据具体情况对这些格式和准则加以灵活运用。

1、英文书信写作的5C原则(The 5C principles of English letter writing):
(1) Consideration(体贴):
体贴主要指在英文书信写作过程中,写信者应设身处地地想到对方,尊重对方的风俗习惯,即采取所谓的"you-attitude"(对方态度),尽可能地避免使用"I-attitude""we-attitude"(我方态度)。另外,还应该考虑到收信者的文化程度、性别等方面的因素。例如:
Your letter of July 23, 2005 arrived this morning.
Thank you very much for your kind answer to my application.
(2)Conciseness(简洁):优秀的英文书信应该行文流畅、言简意赅,避免冗长。这就是说写信者应用尽可能少的文字表达其必须传递的信息。
(3)Clarity(清晰):清晰是指写信者将所需传递的信息表达清楚,以免对方产生误解。例如:
I am writing to apply for admission to the graduate school of your university in the spring of 1999.
I am writing to apply for admission to your university.
(4)Courtesy(礼貌):书信交往,同样需要以礼待人。在写信过程中,应避免使用伤害对方感情的表达,措辞上多选用礼貌委婉的词语,如would, could, may, please, thank you。
(5)Correctness(正确):英文书信中,除了避免语法、拼写、标点符号错误外,其所引用的史料、数据等也宜准确无误。

2、英文书信结构(The structure of an English letter):

( Letterhead or typed heading)
Guangzhou Mei Sheng Company
No.100 XianLie Zhong Road
Guangzhou 510070
Phone or Fax (020) 3421-0312

October 15, 2002 (dates)

Mr. John Smith
Chief Executive Officer
West Coast Stationery, Inc.
333 Caselli Ave.
San Francisco, CA 94114 (inside address)

Dear Mr. Smith,(salutation)

  This is the first line of the first paragraph. It should state the purpose of the letter or the reason for writing. This should be brief and clear.

  This is the second paragraph. Most letters have more than one paragraph. This paragraph can be the most important part of the letter. Write what you want to tell the receiver.

  A third paragraph can be used to express another thing that you want the receiver to know.

  I'm closing this letter now so that I can demonstrate the final elements of a letter.

  Thank you for considering these suggestions. (body text)

Sincerely,
(complimentary closing)
Thomas Leng
(signature)
Thomas Leng
(typed name)
Sales Manager

Enclosure: Catalog and price list (enclosure)

  正规的英文书信一般由6个部分组成:
(1)          信头(heading):信头包括写信人的地址和写信日期。书写信头的目的在于让收信人一看便知该信来自何处、何日写就、便于收信人复信时参考。
(2)          封内地址(inside address):封内地址是指收信人地址。封内地址一般包括对收信人的礼节性称呼以及收信人的姓名、头衔和地址。