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6/13/2009

基督教和天主教有什么区别? Real diffrence from being christian and being catholic

基督教和天主教有什么区别?

■「许多人以为天主教和基督教没有甚么分别,甚至基督教范围内的基督徒也有同样的看法,以为两者之间非常接近,也有许多人以为基督教是从天主教分出来的新教,这种思想和看法是错误的。」

他们只注意到马丁路得的改教运动产生了基督教,完全忘记自从耶稣降世一直到使徒时代,基督教便己经存在。天主教是使徒以后基督教日趋腐化的产物。事实上,在第四世纪罗马王君士坦丁统治之前,在基督教里绝对没有教皇这一种位分。并且在第七世纪的初叶各教会才同意教皇作为教会中看得见的元首。所以我们纵使按最保守的讲法,「在第四世纪初叶以前根本就没有天主教」,因为天主教最大的特点是有教皇,基督教乃是早在基督时代便开始存在的了。

★ 1.教义:
天主教↓
强调「罪」与「罚」、「天堂」和「炼狱」。
基督教↓
强调「因信称义」、和 神之间的亲密关系。

★ 2.崇拜:
天主教↓
除了三位一体的 神之外,还崇拜玛利亚被称为圣母。
基督教↓
只敬拜三位一体的 神(圣父、圣子、圣灵)。玛利亚就是一般妇女,而不是神明。

★ 3.活动时间和名称:
天主教↓
主要是望弥撒,时间有星期五或星期六、日。
基督教↓
是主日崇拜,时间在星期日。

★ 4.对 神的称呼:
天主教↓
称 上帝为「天主」(这也是天主教这名称的由来)。
基督教↓
称 上帝为「上帝」、「天父」、「耶和华」(会因为个人和神的关系不同,而有比较多的称呼)。

★ 5.经典:
天主教↓
使用天主经、圣经、圣母经、圣三光荣经;玫瑰经是在念经时手拿一串念珠的方法。
基督教↓
只读圣经。

★ 6.组织:
天主教↓
有「主教」、「修士」(又称神父)、「修女」…等组织架构,并且有阶级之分。
基督教↓
分为「全职同工」和「半职同工」或「平信徒」,基本上并没有阶级的分别,只是有没有领受全时间服事主的差别。通常读完神学院的信徒就称为「传道」,如果有在教会里面服事,通常隔了一段时间就会被按牧,也就成为我们所称呼的牧师啰!

★ 7.祷告:
天主教↓
必须透过神父来祷告、认罪,他们认为这些人可以在人和 神之间成为带领者。
基督教↓
没有这样的分别,每个人都可以直接向 主祷告。

★ 8.服事人员:
天主教↓
神父和修女终身都要实行「独身」,并且在修道院透过简单的物资来生活。他们每天都有内部的望弥撒,并且一天有数次。
基督教↓
牧师可以结婚生子,并且因为不同的呼召而在不同的环境中执行不同工作。

★ 9.圣餐:
天主教↓
认为圣餐「就是」,耶稣的身体和宝血。
基督教↓
认为圣餐是「纪念」 耶稣的受死。

★ 10. 洗礼:
天主教↓
有婴儿浸礼也有洗礼。
基督教↓
则要看不同牧师的想法,而不一定认同,甚至实行婴儿浸礼;洗礼。

★ 11.食物:
天主教↓
认为「血」是耶稣的宝血,拒绝食物的血。例如:米血、猪血汤…等。
基督教↓
没有这样的拒绝食物,每个人都可以自由食物。

★ 12.偶像:
天主教↓
是敬奉偶像的宗教,虽然对偶像行敬礼是偶像崇拜,但不认为那些像为偶像,其实所行的敬礼是表示「尊敬之意」。
基督教↓
则是完全拒绝偶像的,认为是崇拜偶像之罪恶行为,因为有圣经上说「除了神外不可事奉偶像」。

★ 13.祭拜:
天主教↓
有遵照中国传统礼俗举行祭祖典礼。
基督教↓
认为祭祖典礼祭拜祖先是崇拜偶像之罪恶行为,「除了神外,不可把神的荣耀变为偶像」。

★ 14.十字架:
天主教↓
天主教教堂的十字架上有耶稣基督像。
基督教↓
而基督教教会的十字架上是没有耶稣基督像。

■基督教教会的变迁:
第一:
耶稣原始教会(基督宗教)→犹太人基督教徒
第二:
耶稣原始教会(基督宗教就是基督旧教)
  ↓
异族基督教徒(罗马人等)
  ↓
天主教教会(西罗马帝国的基督教成为罗马天主教的新教)
   ↘→基督教教会
    →东正教(希猎、埃及、土耳其、西伯利亚等)
    →基督正教(俄罗斯、巴尔干半岛)
    →新教(路德、加尔文)→英国教会→卫理会(约翰韦斯利创始)
                     贵格会(乔治福克斯)→摩门教
    →加尔文教派→清教教徒→浸信会、长老会
    →再洗礼教→孟诺派(荷兰西门创始)
    →路德教会

what is the real diffrence from being christian and being catholic? i
think its a really good topic starter?

please do not get this topic wrong.. it is to speak your own mind and
not to critisize or talk bad about the topic....

The term Christian applies to all those believers who affirm the
existence of the Trinity, the full divinity and full humanity of
Christ Jesus, and the Sacrament of Baptism.

The term 'Catholic Church' uses the term 'catholic' which is the Latin
word for universal. The earliest Christians used the term 'Catholic
Church' in writing around the end of the 1st century (see letters of
St. Ignatius of Antioch). It is meant to denote the communion of all
believers: the 'one body' of Christ.

In the early centuries that followed, the Church adopted creeds in
which all believers professed liturgically 'I believe in... The Holy
Catholic Church' (baptism) and 'We believe in One, Holy, Catholic, and
Apostolic Church' (Eucharistic Liturgy).

Most Christian ecclesial communities still profess a belief in the
creeds. The institutional Church still lays claim to all four marks of
the Church: oneness, holiness, catholicity and apostolicity.

While other Christian ecclesial communities also claim all four
pillars, oneness and apostolicity seem to be questionable. Ever since
the Reformation, Protestant groups have been splintering and
spilliting off from each other over every piece of doctrine.

Along the same lines, the institutional Catholic Church has the
historical ability to claim apostolicity in the form of 'apostolic
succession.' The apostles (Jesus' closest followers) appointed
succesors for themeselves to fulfill their mission of 'preaching the
gospel to all nations' (Mt. 28:20; see Acts 1).

The successor to the office of St. Peter is the person we call the
'pope'. As the successor to St. Peter, he has the same guarantee that
Christ gave to Peter: 'Amen I say to you Simon you are rock [peter]
and upon this rock I will build my Church and the gates of hell will
not prevail against it. Behold, I will give you the keys to the
kingdom; whatever you bind of earth will be bound in heaven and
whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.' (Mt. 16:17-19)

The pope and the bishops in union with him make up the 'magesterium,'
which is the 'sacred teaching office of the Church'. It was under
magisterial authority that the Church compiled the Sacred Scriptures
during the first millenium. They also have the responsibilty of
interpreting the Scriptures. There there was no authority in place to
interperate the bible, then anyone could start a new Church based on
their own interpretation of any 5 bible verses (which is exactly what
happened after the Reformation)

In Short, the Catholicism is the 'original Church' that Christ founded
on St. Peter. The other Christian communities broke off from that
Church throughout the centuries.

A Christian is a Christian is a Christian

Being a Christian is not a denomination. Catholocism is a Christian
denomination. Being Christian is simply a matter of believing that
Jesus died for our sins and was rescurected from the dead. It is
simply accepting the fact that all men are sinners, including
ourselves and accepting the grace that God provided through the
sacrifice of his son.

There is no Christian VS Catholic any more than there is Christian VS
Baptist or Methodist or any other denomination.

Now if you were referring to differences between protestant and
catholic, that is a different issue. But even there the differences
are based in tedium and differences in tradition. Both incorporate the
same God and the same saviour.

************
Trinity
D.J.['trɪnɪti:]
K.K.['trɪnɪti]
n.
1 (基督教圣父, 圣子, 圣灵)三位一体(圣父、圣子及圣灵合为上帝)
2 (大写)复活主日
************
sacrament
D.J.['sækrəmənt]
K.K.['sækrəmənt]
n.
1 (天主教的)圣事,圣礼
2 神圣的东西
3 庄严的誓言
************
Christ
D.J.[kraist]
K.K.[kraɪst]
n.
1 基督
2 救世主
************
Jesus
D.J.['dʒi:zəs]
K.K.['dʒizəs]
n.
耶稣
************
baptism
D.J.['bæp,tɪzəm]
K.K.['bæp,tɪzəm]
n.
1 (基督教的)洗礼
2 <喻>洗礼,考验;初次经历
3 火的洗礼;初次的不愉快(或令人恐惧的)经历
[mass noun](in the Christian Church) the religious rite of sprinkling
water on to a person's forehead or of immersing them in water,
symbolizing purification or regeneration and admission to the
Christian Church. In many denominations, baptism is performed on young
children and is accompanied by name-giving
(基督教用语)浸礼,洗礼(用水撒前额或将人浸入水中,以涤罪或再生,并表示入教。在许多教会,幼儿洗礼与取名同时进行)
************
baptism
D.J.['bæp,tɪzəm]
K.K.['bæp,tɪzəm]
n.
1 (基督教的)洗礼
2 <喻>洗礼,考验;初次经历
3 火的洗礼;初次的不愉快(或令人恐惧的)经历
in the Roman Catholic and many Orthodox Churches) the seven rites of
baptism, confirmation, the Eucharist, penance, anointing of the sick,
ordination, and matrimony
(罗马天主教会和许多正教会的)七项圣事(洗礼、坚振礼、圣餐、补赎、终傅、授圣职礼、婚配)
************
divinity
D.J.[di'viniti]
K.K.[dɪ'vɪnɪti]
n.
神; 上帝
adj.
宗教的; 神学的
************
communion
D.J.[kə'mju:njən]
K.K.[kə'mjunjən]
n.
1 交流
2 宗教教派
************
liturgical
D.J.[lɪ'tɜ:dʒɪkəl]
K.K.[lɪ'tə..dʒɪkəl]
adj.
<正>礼拜仪式的
************
the Gospel
福音
the teaching or revelation of Christ
(救世主的)教义;启示
************
Gospel
n.
〈圣经·新约〉福音书
[ˈgɒsp(ə)l]
(noun 名词)
福音
preaching the gospel.
传播福音。
************
rescure
挽救
************
sinner
D.J.['sɪnə]
K.K.['sɪnɚ]
n.
罪人
************
tedium
D.J.['ti:di:əm]
K.K.['tidiəm]
n.
单调乏味,令人生厌,冗长