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2/27/2009

新加坡决定严打无证导游 Singapore plans to eradicate uncertified tour guides

新加坡决定严打无证导游  Singapore plans to eradicate uncertified tour guides

2009年02月25日 07:04:39  来源:新华网  

    新华网新加坡2月24日电(记者张永兴)旅游业对于享有"花园城市"之称的新加坡至关重要。面对金融危机导致外国游客数量下滑的现状,为促进旅游业规范有序地发展,新加坡国家旅游局决定加大取缔无证导游的力度并加强热门旅游景点的巡逻。

    据新加坡媒体24日报道,缺乏专业知识和职业操守的导游不仅误导游客,同时有损新加坡的形象。鉴于此,新加坡国家旅游局将任命现有的便衣巡查队员在热门旅游景点取缔无证导游,同时检查持证导游是否符合职业操守。

    此前,新加坡国家旅游局在接到有关无证导游的投诉时都会进行调查,但通常不会对违例者采取法律行动,只是予以警告。不过根据现有规管旅游业者的条例,凡聘用无证导游的旅游业者将面临5000新元(1美元约合1.51新元)的罚款或6个月的监禁,或被同时处以罚款和监禁。此外,新加坡国家旅游局可撤销违反管理条例者的执照。对于无证导游,初犯者将被罚款3000新元,重犯者罚款则高达5000新元。

    新加坡国家旅游局酒店业务署署长梁家慧说,政府鼓励游客和旅行社聘用持证的专业导游。要聘用专业导游,游客和公众可浏览旅游局网页或联系新加坡导游协会

    新加坡目前共有2181名持证导游,其中华语导游1020人,英语导游780人,其余为日语、韩语、西班牙语、德语和俄罗斯语等外语导游。专业导游须接受由新加坡劳动力发展局认可的课程培训并取得相关部门认可的证书。此外,持证导游必须在3年内接受21小时的培训才能更新证书。

    受全球经济增长放缓的影响,新加坡接待的外国游客数量从去年6月开始持续下跌。2008年,新加坡接待外国游客总数为1010万人次,比上年减少1.6%;旅游收入为148亿新元,增长4.8%。此前的预定目标是接待外国游客1080万人次,旅游收入达155亿新元。

大多数导游喜欢的一句名言 One of my favorite sayings

大多数导游喜欢的一句名言
One can never consent to creep when one feels an impulse to soar.
Helen Keller
"只要有在蓝天翱翔的冲动,便绝不会有在地上爬行的欲望"。
 
Helen Keller  
n. 海伦·凯勒
consent to  
同意, 答应
consent  
D.J.[kənˈsent]  
K.K.[kənˈsɛnt]  
n.
准许, 同意, 赞成
Her parents refused their consent to the marriage of thier daughter to a man.
她的父母对她和一个男人的婚姻持反对态度。
creep  
D.J.[kri:p]  
K.K.[krip]  
vi.
1 蹑手蹑足地走, 缓慢地行进
2 爬行, 匍匐
impulse  
D.J.['impʌls]  
K.K.['ɪm,pʌls]  
n.
1 凭冲动行事, 突如其来的念头
2 推动, 冲力, 刺激, 推动力
soar  
D.J.[sɔ:]  
K.K.[sɔr, sor]  
vi.
1 高飞, 翱翔
2 猛增
3 高耸, 屹立

2/10/2009

现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 Has been living emphasizes an ongoing action, and could sometimes imply that the situation is not permanent.

现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别
Has been living emphasizes an ongoing action, and could sometimes
imply that the situation is not permanent.

A. I've lived here for 10 years.
B. I have been living here for 12 years.
以上这两句话意思有何不同?
Has been living emphasizes an ongoing action, and could sometimes
imply that the situation is not permanent, that at some point in the
future the person could or will move. BUT, they are both acceptable
and I think you could use them interchangeably in most contexts.

句A是现在完成时的"未完成用法"
现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去。句B表示强调一个持续进行的动作,这种动作不是永久的,在将来的某一时间有可能或许会搬走.不过我认为两种形式都可以接受,大大多数语境中可以交替使用.

过去完成进行时与过去完成时的用法很相近,它通常表示一个持续到过去某时的动作,不过这种时态并不一定表示这个过去动作将持续下去. He came
to Beijing in 1995, he had been working as a Chinese-speaking tour
guide for about two years. (含义是他1995年来到北京, 从1995年开始他就不再做中文导游了)

A:He has worked as a tour guide in Beijing for 8 years .
B:He worked as a tour guide in Beijing for 8 years .
分析:A句是说他在北京做了八年导游,可能还要继续干下去,B句是说他在北京做过八年导游,现在不做导游了.

A: Have you seen the film the Last Emperor?
您看过末代皇帝这部电影吗?导游问客人是否知道具体的情节.
B.Did you see the film the Last Emperor?
您看过末代皇帝这部电影吗?导游问客人是否看过,是否知道具体的情节她并不关心.

interchangeably
D.J.[ɪntə'tʃeɪnd ʒəblɪ]
K.K.[ɪntɚ'tʃend ʒəblɪ]
adv.
可交换地;可替换地

5种小海马被发现Five New Pygmy Seahorse Species Found

[ˌɔ:fðəˈwɔ:l, ˌɔf-] wall adj.异乎寻常的,古怪的,疯狂的,疯疯癫癫的
[ˈdaiəɡnəuz] diagnose vt.诊断
[inˈsɔmniə] insomnia n.〈医〉失眠(症)
[] somnia
[] the other day n.前几天
[] a big noise n.耸人听闻的事实[声明]
[ˈkɔdʒitəu] cogito n.〈拉〉我思故我在
[ˈə:ɡəu] ergo adv.因此,由是
[ˌkɔləˈsiəm] Colosseum n.罗马圆形大剧场(建于公元80年,耗时5年,至今大部分尚存)
[haiv] hive n.蜂箱, 蜂巢蜂群喧闹地区
[ˈbi:ˌhaiv] Beehive n.蜂巢星团(即鬼星团)
[weil] wale n.条痕,选择
v.使有鞭条痕,挑选
[ˈpiɡmi] pygmy adj.非常小的
n.俾格米人特别矮小的人或动物, 特别小的东西
[ˈsi:hɔ:s] seahorse n.海马
[ˈflʌri] flurry n.疾风, 骤雨; 骤然降下的一场雪等
[ˈri:snt] recent adj.不久前的, 近来的
[] coral reef n.珊瑚礁
[] Red Sea n.红海(印度洋西北的长形内海,在亚洲阿拉伯半岛同非洲东北部之间)
[ˌindəuˈni:zjə] Indonesia n.印尼(东南亚岛国)
[ˈvə:tibrit] vertebrate n.脊椎动物
[siˈkri:tiv] secretive adj.遮遮掩掩的, 守口如瓶的, 秘密的
[ˈspesimən] specimen n.范例, 典范, 实例样品, 标本某种类型的人, 家伙, 怪人
[disˈkʌvə] discover vt.发现碰见, 撞见了解到, 认识到, 发觉
[ˌsu:ləˈweisi] Sulawesi n.苏拉威西岛(印度尼西亚中部)
[] 200902110039 SEA LIFE PHOTOS: Five New Pygmy Seahorse Species Found
February 5, 2009--The Walea pygmy seahorse is one of five species
named in a flurry of recent seahorse discoveries
from coral reefs in the Red Sea and Indonesia. All five are less than
an inch tall (2.5 centimeters) and are among the
tiniest known vertebrates. It was thanks to the keen eyes of
underwater photographers and divers that these secretive
specimens came to light.
The seahorses, described in December 2008 and January 2009 studies,
are the first to be discovered in five years.
The Walea seahorse is named after an island in central Sulawesi,
Indonesia—the only place it has so far been found.
--Helen Scales

2/09/2009

中央电视台大楼着火 Fire guts part of a Beijing Olympics icon

Fire guts part of a Beijing Olympics icon
11:32 AM, February 9, 2009
 
One section of the strikingly photogenic Beijing tower for the Chinese state broadcast network, CCTV, erupted in flames today -- Monday evening in China -- on the last night of celebrations marking

the Lunar New Year.

The fire struck not the main, torquing CCTV tower, but an adjacent shorter structure, in which a 241-room Mandarin Oriental Hotel was due to open later this year. The entire complex, still under

construction, was designed by Rem Koolhaas and Ole Scheeren of the Office for Metropolitan Architecture and was a star of television coverage of August's Beijing Olympics.

Although the larger tower was luckily spared, this is no minor loss.

The architectural composition of the complex as a whole -- which I toured with Scheeren over the summer, and which I argued in a year-end piece "already ranks as the most significant piece of

architecture of our young century" -- depends on the shorter hotel tower, which is known as TVCC. It is the hotel, in fact, that helps give the main tower its strange, shifting sense of scale. From

certain angles the smaller section -- no shrimp itself at 34 stories tall -- looks like the tail of the big tower's dragon, from others like a fleeing creature about to be devoured by the CCTV's gaping

mouth.

For the blogger Geoff Manaugh, images of the fire mean only one thing: The boom is over. Potent symbolism aside, though, I'd be very surprised if the hotel weren't instantly rebuilt. The Chinese

leadership has understood the graphic power of the CCTV complex -- the way it suggests a modern, ambitious and innovative new China -- from the earliest stages, and it seems highly unlikely it

would allow the charred remains of the hotel to stand for any extended period. This is particularly true given Chinese sensitivity around the idea that its economy is rapidly losing steam.

So there's likely to be no drawn-out, painstaking investigation of the wreckage by some Chinese version of the FBI or ATF. As soon as the last ember is out, I'd guess, the bulldozers will be clearing

the site to begin again. Even in a global slowdown -- perhaps especially in one -- construction in China can operate at lightning speed.

大火吞噬中央电视台新楼

迷人的央视新楼主体的一部分,今天被大火吞噬-周一的晚上-也就是人们庆祝中国阴历新年的最后一个晚上。

发生火灾的不是主楼,交叉状的主楼,而是附近的矮楼,楼类设有一个有241间客房的北京文华东方酒店(Mandarin Oriental Hotel),今年年初刚开业的。整个建筑,还在施工建设之中,由建筑大师-雷姆·

库哈斯(Rem Koolhaas)和荷兰大都会(Ole Scheeren of the Office for Metropolitan Architecture)建筑事务所设计,曾是八月份奥运会期间电视新闻报导的一个亮点。

虽然主体大楼幸免遇难,这次火灾损失也不小。

从Geoff Manaugh的博客上看到,大火的图片只意味着一件事情:经济的繁荣已经结束。其巨大的象征意义撇开不谈,但是,如果酒店不立即被重建我将感到非常吃惊。领导们明白中央电视台主体工程图片-一种来展示了现代、雄心勃勃、革新的新中国的方式-在最初阶段,看起来好像不太可能会让烧焦的酒店呆在那里太长时间.这会让中国人特别敏感地感受到中国的经济正在快速衰退。

所以一切很可能不会持续太长时间,中国的联邦调查局(FBI)和烟草总局(ATF)们会对碎片做详细调查.一旦大火熄灭,我想,推土机会清理现场重新开始。即使是在全球经济放缓的这种情况下-或许特别是在一个-建设能以闪电速度进行的中国.

声明:本文只做内部英语交流学习之用,文中内容不代表本人观点.

photogenic  
D.J.[,fəutəu'dʒenik] 
K.K.[,fotə'dʒɛnɪk] 
n.
易上镜头的
 
erupt  
D.J.[i'rʌpt] 
K.K.[ɪ'rʌpt] 
vi.
1 爆发, 喷发
2 突然发生
3 出疹
 
in flames  
燃烧着
 
torque  
D.J.[tɔ:k] 
K.K.[tɔrk] 
n.
1  (尤指机器的)扭转力;转(力)矩
2  <史>(古高卢人、布立吞人戴的)金属项圈,金属颈环
 
metropolitan  
D.J.[,metrə'pɔlitən] 
K.K.[,mɛtrə'pɑlɪtən] 
adj.
1 大都会的, 大城市的
2 中心地区的, 正宗的
 ole 
[ōl] 
 (US informal)old 
 (美,非正式)旧的;老的 
 
minor loss  
次要损失
 
potent  
D.J.['pəutənt] 
K.K.['potnt] 
adj.
1 (药等)效力大的; 威力大的
2 强有力的; 有说服力的
Potent symbolism
n.强有力的象征
 
ambitious  
D.J.[æm'biʃəs] 
K.K.[æm'bɪʃəs] 
adj.
1 有抱负的, 雄心勃勃的
2 有野心的
 
innovative  
D.J.['inəuveitiv] 
K.K.['ɪnə,vetɪv] 
adj.
1 新发明的, 新引进的; 革新的; 有改革精神的
2 乐于引进新观念的
 
earliest  
['ə:liəst] 
n.
最早, 作为最早期的

charred  

 
steam  
D.J.[sti:m] 
K.K.[stim] 
n.
1 蒸汽
(figurative)energy and momentum or impetus. 
 (喻)力量,动力;推动力 
 the anti-corruption drive gathered steam.
 反腐败运动的力量越来越大。
 
drawn-out  
['drɔ:n'aut] 
adj.
延长的,持续很久的
 
painstaking  
D.J.['peɪnz,teɪkɪŋ] 
K.K.['penz,tekɪŋ] 
adj.
极小心的;辛勤的, 辛苦的
 
wreckage  
D.J.['rekidʒ] 
K.K.['rɛkɪdʒ] 
n.
(坠毁物)残片, 碎片; 残骸
ATF  
abbreviation for 
 (in the US) (Federal Bureau of) Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms 
 (美国)联邦酒精、烟草和火器局 
 
FBI  
abbr.
the Federal Bureau of Investigation(美国)联邦调查局
 
ember  
D.J.['embə] 
K.K.['ɛmbɚ] 
n.
余烬,余火
 
bulldozer  
D.J.['bʊl,dəʊzə] 
K.K.['bʊl,dozɚ] 
n.
1 推土机
2 恐吓者;威胁者
global slowdown
全球经济放缓
 
operate  
D.J.['ɔpəreit] 
K.K.['ɑpə,ret] 
vt. & vi.
1 运转; 操作
2 经营, 管理
vi.
开刀, (对…)动手术
 
lightning  
D.J.['laitniŋ] 
K.K.['laɪtnɪŋ] 
n.
闪电
adj.
闪电般的, 快速的

2/08/2009

英语导游话题卡-天气 WEATHER

英语导游话题卡-天气 WEATHER
 
What's the weather like in your country?
Does the weather affect your mood?
How do rainy days make you feel?
What's your favourite season of the year?
What do you like to do when it's hot?
What do you usually do in the winter?
How many seasons does your country have?
 
Winter in north part of China is long and cold, lasting from December through March. Temperatures are often below zero and you'll likely see snow. Summer sees opposite extreme temperatures when it can be very hot and quite humid. Summer lasts from May through the end of August.
Weather does not affect my mood much. Sometimes when I am in a bad mood the weather can make me happy or sad.
Rainy days do not make me feel depressed. It is comforting to listen to the drops as they hit the tin roof of my apartment. I enjoy the cool breeze that comes in the window as the rain pours outside. It's fun to read a book and drink a cup of coffee while it rains.
I find it impossible to decide. I see amazing qualities in each but actually, in all honesty, I think summer may be my least favorite.
By the end of spring semester I am sick and tired of being inside. I don't think there is anything healthier for the soul than staying out side for a week. Plan a camping, hiking, or canoeing trip. Take a few friends with you and enjoy the beauty of nature.
I honestly really like winter. I like snow, I don't mind being cold, and if it wasn't for how dirty my car gets, I wouldn't mind if it was winter for a lot longer! The only problem with winter is what to do! It's so cold, so why go outside unless you have to? Sometimes you've made a New Year's resolution for yourself (bad idea), and then you feel even more like you need to get out of the house! "I said I was going to take a cooking class/learn how to identify flowers, how can I do that in the house?" That's one of the many reasons I don't make New Year resolutions. I think everyone feels cabin fever at this time of the year, making it even harder to pursue New Year resolutions.
For a country of China's size and its varied topography, the diverse weather patterns are an expected feature. There are primarily four seasons.
 
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
primarily  
D.J.['praimərili]  
K.K.[praɪ'mɛrəli, -'mɛr-]  
adv.
1 主要地, 首要地; 本来
2 首先
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
pattern  
D.J.['pætən]  
K.K.['pætən]  
n.
1 型, 样式
2 花样, 图案
3 方式, 形式
4 榜样, 典范
vt.
1 模仿; 仿制
2 以图案装饰
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
diverse  
D.J.[dai'vəs]  
K.K.[dɪ'vɚs, daɪ-, 'daɪ,vɚs]  
adj.
不同的, 多种多样的
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
feature  
D.J.['fi:tʃə]  
K.K.['fitʃɚ]  
n.
1 特征, 特色
2 面貌, 相貌
3 特写, 专题节目
4 (电影的)正片, 故事
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
topography  
D.J.[tə'pɔgrəfi:]  
K.K.[tə'pɑɡrəfi]  
n.
1 地形学,地形测量学
2 地形,地貌,地势
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
varied  
D.J.['veəri:d, 'vær-]  
K.K.['vɛrid, 'vær-]  
adj.
1 各种各样的;各不相同的;形形色色的;多变的
2 多彩的;杂色的
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
at the time of  
adv.
在…的时候
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
cabin fever  
n.
幽居病
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
identify  
D.J.[ai'dentifai]  
K.K.[aɪ'dɛntə,faɪ]  
vt.
1 认出, 识别
2 支持, 同情
vt. & vi.
等同于; 有关联
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
cooking  
D.J.['kʊkɪŋ]  
n.
1 烹饪术
2 如火如荼地进行;热火朝天
3 在干什么;怎么
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
resolution  
D.J.[,rezə'lu:ʃən]  
K.K.[,rɛzə'luʃən]  
n.
1 正式决定, 决议
2 决心, 决定
3 坚决; 坚定; 坚毅
4 解决, 解答
5 分辨力, 分辨率
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
canoeing  
n.
划独木舟,玩独木舟
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
camping  
['kæmpiŋ]  
n.
野营; 露营
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
stay out  
1 留在户外, 不在家中
2 避开, 不插手
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
under one's belt  
adv.
在胃中
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
favorite  
D.J.['feivərit]  
K.K.['fevərɪt, 'fevrɪt]  
n.
特别喜欢的人(或物),喜欢的事物,亲信,心腹,幸运儿
adj.
喜爱的,宠爱的,中意的
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
honesty  
D.J.['ɔnɪsti:]  
K.K.['ɑnɪsti]  
n.
1 诚实, 正直, 坦诚
2 老实说;其实
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
quality  
D.J.['kwɔliti]  
K.K.['kwɑlɪti]  
n.
1 质, 质量
2 优点, 优质
3 品质, 特征, 特性
4 特点, 特色
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
amazing  
[ə'meiziŋ]  
adj.
令人惊异的
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
pour  
D.J.[pɔ:]  
K.K.[pɔr, por]  
vt. & vi.
1 涌出
2 倾; 倒
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
breeze  
D.J.[bri:z]  
K.K.[briz]  
n.
微风, 轻风
vi.
1 吹微风
2 漫不经心地行动
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
comforting  
D.J.['k ʌmfətɪŋ]  
K.K.['k ʌmfɚtɪŋ]  
adj.
令人欣慰的
 导游网-英语导游导游词汇
depressed  
D.J.[dɪ'prest]  
K.K.[dɪ'prɛst]  
adj.
1 精神不振的,忧伤的,消沉的
2 患抑郁症的
3 经济萧条的,不景气的
4 (中间部分)凹下的
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
be in a mood  
〈口〉心情不好,在生气
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
affect  
D.J.[ə'fekt]  
K.K.[ə'fɛkt]  
vt.
1 影响
2 感动
3 假装
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
humid  
D.J.['hju:mɪd]  
K.K.['hjumɪd]  
adj.
潮湿的, 湿气重的
导游网-英语导游导游词
extreme temperature  
极端温度
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
opposite  
D.J.['ɔpəzit]  
K.K.['ɑpəzɪt]  
prep.
1 (表示位置)在…的对面; 在旁边, 接着; 与…在一排
2 (表示方式)与…联合主演
adj.
1 对面的
2 相反的, 对立的
n.
对立面, 对立物, 相反的人[事物]
导游网-英语导游导游词汇
likely  
D.J.['laikli]  
K.K.['laɪkli]  
adj.
1 可能的; 有希望的
2 适合的
adv.
可能

英语导游话题卡-国球乒乓球 Our National Sport - PingPang

英语导游话题卡-国球乒乓球 Our National Sport - PingPang

Processes

Talk about your favourite sport to practice or watch.

You should say:

How often you practice or watch that sport
what makes it interesting
how many people it takes to practice it

and describe how the game, or sport, is practiced or played.

The only sport that I ever really, really, really enjoyed was
PingPang, PingPang is the sense of table tennis. The westerners call
it table tennis, the Chinese call it PingPang. It's the only sport
that I

played when I was younger, and it's the only sport that I continued
watching until... now; until now, yeah. Of course, now I don't
practice it any more. On every rare occasions. I go to stadium to the

games live.

What makes the sport interesting? Perhaps it's the fact that it's so
popular all over China. Hmm... everybody in China knows how to play
PingPang, it's our national sport, The sport is played with two or
four players hitting a ball with rackets back and forth to each other
on a table, in a manner similar to tennis. The rules are slightly
different, but the concept is very similar. In singles play, the serve
is not required to cross from the server's right-hand court to the
receiver's right-hand court (or left to left) as it is in tennis.
However, serving across is required in doubles play. Ball spin, speed,
placement, strategy and tactics play an important part in competitive
table tennis matches. The speed of the ball can vary from slow serves
with much spin to smashes that travel as fast as 112.5 kilometers per
hour (70 mph).

The object is to hit the ball, from one player to the other, any
hitting of the ball must be done such that the ball passes over or
around the net. If the ball is struck such that it travels around the
net, but still lands on the opponent's side of the table, the hit is
legal and play should be continued. If the opponent cannot return it
over (or around) the net and make it bounce on your side, then you win
the point. Of course, that sport is very well known and has lots of
fans all over the world, as ever Chinese knows, and that is what makes
it so interesting to me.


bounce
D.J.[bauns]
K.K.[baʊns]
vt. & vi.
弹回
n.
1 弹跳
2 活力, 生气

hit
D.J.[hit]
K.K.[hɪt]
n. 一击, 击中

opponent
D.J.[ə'pəunənt]
K.K.[ə'ponənt]
n.
1 对手, 敌手
2 反对者

struck
D.J.[strʌk]
K.K.[strʌk]
adj.
1 因罢工而关闭的,受到罢工影响的
2 被某人/某物打动;迷恋某人/某物
3 (惊得或吓得等)目瞪口呆,说不出话

serve with
向…提供;把(传票)交给

table tennis
n.
桌球

competitive
D.J.[kəm'petitiv]
K.K.[kəm'pɛtɪtɪv]
adj.
1 竞争的, 比赛的
2 (指人)好竞争的, 求胜心切的
3 (价格等)有竞争力的

placement
D.J.['pleɪsmənt]
K.K.['plesmənt]
n.
(=place kick)【体】(指足球)定位踢的球位; 定位踢

racket
D.J.['rækit]
K.K.['rækɪt]
n.
1 (网球等)球拍
2 吵闹声
3 敲诈, 勒索, 诈骗, 非法勾当

back and forth
来回地

in a manner
在一定程度上

tennis
['tenis]
n.
网球(运动)

similar
D.J.['similə]
K.K.['sɪməlɚ]
adj.
类似的; 同类的; 相似的; 同样的

serve
D.J.[sə:v]
K.K.[sɚv]
vt. & vi.
[no obj.](in tennis and other racket sports) hit the ball or
shuttlecock to begin play for each point of a game
(网球等用拍的运动)发球
he tossed the ball up to serve.
他把球抛起发球。
serve the ball on to the front wall.
朝着前面的墙发球。

shuttlecock
D.J.['ʃʌtlkɔk]
K.K.['ʃʌtl,kɑk]
n.
羽毛球
In singles play
n. 单打

court
D.J.[kɔ:t]
K.K.[kɔrt, kort]
n. 球场

double play
n. 〈美〉(棒球)双杀

spin
D.J.[spin]
K.K.[spɪn]
vt. & vi.
使…旋转
vt.
杜撰

元宵节的英文导游词 The Festival of Lanterns

元宵节的英文导游词 The Festival of Lanterns

北京英语导游 www.daoyou.org

元宵节是中国新年的最后一天,第一个月的第15天。 灯笼一直是中国人生活的一部分所以这天见到灯笼习以为常。

人们通常在花园里,居室外面,和船上。这些灯笼是指引客人和祖先灵魂路标。一顿盛宴之后,这些灯笼照亮着灵魂回去的路。

丝绸,纸,和塑料灯笼,不同的尺寸和颜色。一些事蝴蝶形状、鸟和船的形状。还有一些如同龙,水果和那年动物的形状。如2009年人们就用牛的形状做灯笼。最流行的形状是"万马奔腾'形状的灯笼,各种动物或人物绕着灯笼的轴心旋转。

元宵节以吃元宵为特色。这些圆圆的饺子是用碾米做的。可以作为甜点心,也可以用蔬菜、肉和干虾皮做成汤圆。圆形表示"wholeness
.[həul] 团圆,完美[kəmˈpli:tnis] ,和谐['ju:niti] .

元宵节['læntən]['festəvəl] 是万家团圆的时刻[ə'keiʒən] 也是人人欢庆的时刻-老人、年轻人、富人、穷人.


The Festival of Lanterns takes place at the end of the Chinese New
Year Celebration, on the fifteenth day of the first moon. Lanterns
have been part of Chinese life for centuries so it's not surprising to
see a festival of lanterns.

People usually hang lanterns in the gardens, outside the houses, and
on the boats. These lanterns are signposts to guide guests and
spirits of ancestors to the Lunar celebration. After a sumptuous
fifteen-day feast, these lanterns light the way for the spirits back
to the world beyond.

Silk, paper and plastic lanterns vary in shape and size and are
usually multi-colored. Some are in the shapes of butterflies, birds,
flowers, and boats. Other are shaped like dragon, fruit and animal
symbols of that year. The most popular type of lantern is the
"horse-racing" one, in which figures or animals rotate around the
vertical axis of the lantern.

The special food for the Lantern Festival is Yuen Sin or Tong Yuen.
These are round dumplings made with sticky rice flour. They can be
filled and served as a sweet snack or made plain and cooked in a soup
with vegetables, meat and dried shrimp. The round shape of the
dumpling is a symbol of wholeness, completeness and unity.

The Lantern Festival is an occasion for families to get together and
for everyone--young, old, rich and poor to have fun.

导游网- 导游精英会恭祝贺各位元宵节快乐!

2/07/2009

北京某英语导游服务公司14万买下域名 Daoyou.org says a domain was purchased for USD20,000

北京某英语导游服务公司14万买下域名daoyou
Daoyou.org says a domain was purchased for USD20,000

来源:donews 时间:2009-2-7 作者:肖克

中国北京英语导游圈2月7日报道:2月6日,据知情人士透露,daoyou●com域名近日被北京一家旅游公司购买,成交价格在14万元左右。

该人士称,近日北京一家英语导游服务公司在某域名交易平台购得daoyou●com这一双拼域名,成交价格在14万元左右。目前,该公司已将其指向一导游服务引导页面,该导游服务页面链接到一英语导游服务类SNS网站。

据悉,daoyou●com域名曾在2007年某域名拍卖会上以88万元的价格起拍,但以"流拍"告终。

What does "导游网" or Daoyou stand for?

What does "导游网" stand for?

For non-Chinese readers of this page: "daoyou" is the way Chinese
people say "guide or tour guide". It is written as, 导游. "wang" is
Chinese for "website". It is written as, "网". You can contact us at
if you need tour guide service in Beijing: info@daoyou.org.

2/06/2009

英语导游学习法之-考试篇 Beijing tour guide services and Beijing ghost writer services

谈谈英语导游如何提高听说读写的技能
关键词: Beijing tour guide services, Beijing ghost writer services
 
英语导游学习方法之-考试篇 Beijing tour guide services and Beijing ghost writer services
 
考试的时候,看清楚答题纸! 读懂题干,模糊的,特别是作文题目一定要读三遍,不要假想,望文生义,划出关键词,否则一失足成千古恨啊! 英语导游朋友们!
听力:
1.做听力题目,如果是表格题,注意例子的位置
2.判断___内所缺少的信息的种类,大小写和范围
3.用已经知道的信息进行定位
4.注意听题号的范围,很多时候你可能是因为没有听清楚需要答题的范围,导致不知道应该注意哪些题目,比如听力的第三部分,让你注意28-36题,这个时候要注意用笔圈28和36这两个题目,大脑和眼睛就盯住这个范围,如果30题之后是填空题,那么你要在30题的题目号码上做标记,在听到30题的答案以后,马上盯住31题-36题,因为这个时候你要用笔记注细节单词填空了.
5.每次看两道题,争取看3个题目,如果你两个题目中的第二个题你听到了,说明你已经漏掉了前面的题目答案,要学会放弃,赶紧再看下面2道题目.
6.注意大小写,人命,地名,书名
7.答案要完整,比如10分钟的路程,你要写10 minutes' 或者10 mins' 单数就写 10 minute 或10 min
8.不要抄错答案,在测试C6T4V200806020920调查中,我们总结出的经验是,你把答案写在题号旁边比较保险,不容易看串行.
9.常识判断,比如一走神你听到bank issues, 而文章是学者在讨论教学方法,那么你应该写 back issues (过期刊物)
10.看到数字,自己把选项先都读一便,比如10,000, 100,000, 1,000,000 years那么你听起来会更敏感
11. 把听过的材料变成你自己的东西,方法N多种,不列举了
12.听到同义词迅速转换
13.英国的邮政编码是数字和字母混合,算1个字母,生日算一个字母,比如1983.03.29 或 25Riverside, 一般对方会强调"it's one word", 导游带团,客人告诉你地址,也会这么说.
14.密集型,超密集型题目要注意,特别是每段开头的的2个空,这一般是出题人设计的陷阱,因为你还没有反应过来的时候,答案已经过去了,555~~~~~~~~~~, "DON'T CRY OVER SPILT MILK",别较劲,走你!
15.牛人=读+猜+听+写+查 各项技能完美
16. 空格前后的词仔细看,做好预测
17. 听力的MATCHING题,注意捕捉有用信息 TENANT .['tenənt]  10个蚂蚁是承租人的意思 TEN + ANT 租金 RENT,争取记住一些题干
18. 正确的格式,比如你听到monthly这个词, 空格前面有every________那么你就要填 month 名词形式
19. 注意拼写 如 litres, messages,coorperation, persuading(源自sue这个词)
20. 读懂题目
 
阅读:
1.要养成获取信息的习惯
2.阅读考的是单词的深度,要从CONTEXT中去找
3.70%+20%+9%+1=100% 万能公式,实力永远是第一的
4.不要推理,英国人直来直去,文章也一样
5.判断题,绝对=不对+NG,带OR的一般是F,出现ONLY,错; 出现THAN比较,一种不存在的比较方式,肯定是NG
5.1 EVERY, ALWAYS 是F的可能性比较大
5.2 可能=T
5.3 一定要对应原文在判断是F还是NG,需要推理
5.4 形散神必散,同一段出现3个题目以上必有NG
5.5 LATTER=NG
5.6 只有SECOND,NEXT,没有FIRST=NG
5.7纵向比较一般不选NG,In the past, China had a higher opinion of tour guides than they do today.
5.8 出踢人偷换概念,地点状语,定语,常识误区,字面联系, two coins and notes = all coins and notes
5.9真理,名人的话=F
5.10 注意是让你写T/F/NG 还是 Y/N/NG
5.11 读懂题干
6.SUMMARY题目,出处就在文章里,注意定位段落里的动名词,很可能就是答案
7.学会体会文章的逻辑,学习外国人的思维
8.永远不要望文生义 NO TRANSLITERATE
9.注意同义词如 FOR LIFE=ALWAYS
10. 如果是选择题 TWO 表示让你选2个选项
11. 配对题,注意连连错! 小心,仔细做,因为错一个=错2个,把SUMMARY题目做完以后,再倒回去检查一遍
12. 看文章的结构,连接词,逻辑,推理的方法!
13. 不要在简单的那2篇文章上浪费时间,大头在后面!
14. 跳跃答题,因为只有MATCHING会乱序,其它不用担心
15. 每次看两道题目,你将节省50%的时间,体会这句话
 
写作:
1.注意时态,两种含义时间和状态
2.写3句话的三种论证方法,解释法+原因群+利弊,学会这三种方法
3.具体的,细节的,事实和经历
4.作文题目一定要读三遍,不要假想,望文生义,划出关键词,写文章一定要扣题,不要丢掉得分点.
5. 无论写什么文章,一定要有结尾和落款
6. 注意分段,你的文章至少应该是4段
7. 多用复杂结构
8. 每写一句话,把它写清楚,不要迂回思维,犯让判卷人不明所指的错误
9. 写作是需要发挥你的联想的
 
口语:
靠~~~~~~~导游的饭碗啊,还有废话吗?
 
 
好了,英语导游朋友们,现在当**可比带团挣得多啊,最起码你能开得上宝马、奔驰不成问题,谨以此文与同行共勉! **有风险,试刀需谨慎!blah-blah... 希望大家都是顶刮刮的gohstexaminee 或者是ghostwriter!

2/05/2009

Daoyou.org New Words of the Day

导游每日新鲜词
 
colossal
recipient
assimilate
enemy
invader
obstrusive
erroneous
aver


 
colossal  
D.J.[kə'lɔsl] 
K.K.[kə'lɑsəl] 
adj.
巨大的
 
 
recipient  
D.J.[ri'sipiənt] 
K.K.[rɪ'sɪpiənt] 
n.
接受者

 
assimilate  
D.J.[ə'simileit] 
K.K.[ə'sɪmə,let] 
vt. & vi.
1 吸收, 消化
2 同化
 
 
enemy  
D.J.['enimi] 
K.K.['ɛnəmi] 
n.
1 仇敌, 敌人
2 敌军
 
 
invader  
D.J.[ɪn'veɪdə] 
K.K.[ɪn'vedɚ] 
n.
入侵者,侵略者;侵入物
 
 
erroneous  
D.J.[i'rəunjəs] 
K.K.[ɪ'roniəs] 
adj.
〈正〉错误的, 不正确的
 
 
aver  
D.J.[ə'vɜ:] 
K.K.[ə'və..] 
vt.
1 <正>断言,证实
2 <律>证明...属实;作为事实提出
 

2/04/2009

CONGRATULATIONS!!! YOU HAVE WON (BENEFICIARY)

EURO MILLION SPANISH LOTTERY INTERNATIONAL.
FROM: VICE PRESIDENT
INTERNATIONAL PROMOTION/PRIZE AWARD DEPT.
REFERENCE:67/80/ESP
BATCH:ESP-541-623-782
DATE:4TH OF FEB 2009
Email:infomtgclaims@aim.com
infomtgsclaim@gmail.com

RE: WINNING NOTIFICATION / FINAL NOTICE
Sir/Madam,

We are pleased to inform you of the result of the Euro Million Spanish Lottery Winners International E-mail programs held on the 29TH Of Jan 2009. Your E-mail address attached to ticket number 653-908-321-675 with serial main number 345-790-241-671 which consequently won in the 2nd category, you have therefore been approved for a lump sum pay out of 1.000.000.00 Euro.(One Million Euro)
CONGRATULATIONS!!!
Due to mix up of some numbers and names, we ask that you keep your winning information confidential until your claims have been processed and your money remitted to you. This is part of our security protocol to avoid double claiming and unwarranted abuse of this program by some participants. All participants were selected through a computer ballot system drawn from over 100,000 company and 50,000,000 individual email addresses and names from all over the world.
This lottery was promoted and sponsored by Spanish European Lottery Board in conjunction with all international world organization such as (UNITED NATION, UNICEF, NESCO, W.H.O E.T.C in order to enhance and promote the use of Internet Explorer Users and Microsoft-wares around the globe. This promotional program takes place every three year.

*************************************************************
To file for your claim, please contact our fiducially Agent:Dr.Williams Garcia
(GARCIA SECURITY COMPANY SPAIN)
TEL:0034-634-153-632
Email:infomtgclaims@aim.com OR infomtgsclaim@gmail.com
**********************************************************
Please Remember to complete the verification form below, As all winning must be claimed as soon you have been notified, Due to the deadline given by the lottery board, As all unclaimed funds will be included in the next stake. Please note in order to avoid unnecessary delays and complications please remember to quote your reference number and batch numbers in all correspondence.
Congratulations once more from our members of staff and thank you for being part of our promotional program.

Note: Anybody under the age of 18 is automatically disqualified.

Sincerely yours,
Mrs, Comfort Jose
Lottery Coordinator
=============================================================
this message is CONFIDENTIAL. It may also be privileged or otherwise protected by work product immunity or other legal rules. If you have received it please let us know by reply it from your system; you should not copy it or disclose its contents to anyone. All messages sent to and from Garcia Security Company SL may be monitored to ensure compliance with internal policies and to protect your winning from the Euro Million Spanish Lottery Award Promotion. our e-mail transmission and correspondence are 100% protected by our Secured Socket Layer (SSL) server
The contents of any email addressed to our clients are subject to our usual terms of business; anything which does not relate to the official business of the firm is neither given nor endorsed by it.
VERIFICATION FORM.
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2.ADDRESS:_____________________________
3.MARITAL STATUS:______________________
4.OCCUPATION:_________________________
5.AGE:__________________(6)SEX:_________________
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英语导游每日一词: daoyou.org Word of the Day

英语导游每日一词: daoyou.org Word of the Day
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聪明人的选择! 北京英文导游让您感受"畅游北京尽在指间".
 
virtuoso \vur-choo-OH-soh\, noun, adjective;
pl. virtuosos, virtuosi:
virtuoso  
D.J.[,vɜ:tʃu:'əʊsəʊ, -zəʊ]  
K.K.[,və..tʃu'oso, -zo]  
n.
1 艺术大师,名家
2 艺术爱好者;古董收藏家
adj.
艺术爱好者(或鉴赏家)的;行家里手的
1. a person skilled in the techniques of an art, esp. playing a musical instrument; by extension, a person with a cultivated appreciation of artistry
2. showing mastery in artistic skills
They applauded the virtuoso's performance.
Her virtuoso singing landed her a free graduate education at Yale.
c. 1651, from Italian virtuoso, from Late Latin virtuosus. The meaning "person with great skill" (as in music) is first attested 1743.
------------------------------------------------
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2/03/2009

英语导游每日词汇 Words of the Day-Beijing tour guides

英语导游每日词汇
 
 
barbec[ˈbɑ:bikju:] ue n.(常用于室外的)金属烤架烧烤野餐
vt.(通常在户外)在烤架上烧烤
1
2 [ˌi:kəuˈtuərizəm] ecotourism n.生态旅游
3 [] passion fruit n.西番莲果
4 [kɔ:s] course n.课程进程, 过程航向, 航线一道菜
5 [] dark room n.暗室;暗区
6 [ˌʌnˈʃuə] unsure adj.缺乏信心的, 无把握的
7 [] national holiday n.国定假日
8 [] USSR n.苏联
9 [ju: es ˈei] USA abbr.美国(美利坚合众国)
10 [ˈstresful] stressful adj.有压力的
11 [vɔlˈkeinəu] volcano n.火山
12 [ˈdʒu:pitə] Jupiter n.〈天〉木星
13 [ˈvi:nəs] Venus n.金星维纳斯
[ˈteliskəup] telescope n.望远镜
vt.压缩某物使其少占空间或时间
vt. & vi.(使某物)变短(叠缩在一起)(使某物)叠缩, 嵌入
14
15 [ˈpə:sənəl] personal adj.个人的; 私人的亲自的人身攻击的, 无礼的
16 [ˌkæŋɡəˈru:] kangaroo n.〈动〉袋鼠
[tju:n] tune n.曲调, 曲子
vt.调整
vt. & vi.调音
17
18 [ˈbuklit] booklet n.小册子
19 [ˈhi:tə] heater n.加热器; 炉子
20 [ˈtəustə] toaster n.烤面包片机
21 [ˈpetrəl] petrol n.汽油
22 [dʒim] gym n.〈非正〉健身房, 体育馆室内健身操; 体操
23 [] central heating n.中央暖气系统
24 [ˈkɔntekst] context n.背景, 环境上下文, 语境
25 [ˈsə:kəmstəns] circumstance n.环境, 条件, 情况境遇, 经济状况
26 [ˌkɔmbiˈneiʃən] combination n.合作, 结合, 组合联合体, 组合物密码组合, 字码组合排列, 组合
27 [ˈfæktəri] factory n.工厂, 制造厂
28 [ˈherəuin] heroine n.女英雄, 女主角
29 [ˈbʌtlə] butler n.男管家(通常负责管理酒窖)
30 [ˈfraitniŋ] frightening adj.吓人的, 可怕的
31 [meid] maid n.女仆, 女佣少女, 年轻的未婚女子
32 [] town hall n.市政厅
33 [ˈkemistri] chemistry n.化学
worklo34 [ˈwə:kləud] ad n.工作量
35 [fi:] fee n.费, 酬金
[ˈsævi] savvy n.机智,头脑,理解,悟性
v.知道,了解
36
37 [rəudz] roads n.锚地
38 [] railway line n.〈英〉①铁路轨②(连接两地的)铁路线
39 [] reinforced n.加固的;增强的
40 [] hand pump n.手泵,手压泵,手摇泵,手力唧筒
41 [ˈreinkəut] raincoat n.雨衣
42 [ˈfəutəuˌkɔpi] photocopy n.影印本
43 [ˈfri:lɑ:ns] freelance vi.当自由职业者
44 [ˌkri:eiˈtivəti] creativity n.创造力,创造
45 [əˈsainmənt] assignment n.工作, 任务分配, 指派
46 [ˌɪntəvju:ˈi:] interviewee n.接受面谈者; 被接见者
47 [kənˈsʌltənt] consultant n.顾问高级顾问医生, 会诊医生
48 [ˌɪntəˈfiə] interfere vi.干预; 调停妨碍
49 [ˈmiʃən] mission n.使命, 任务, 天职代表团, 使节团
[bri:f] brief adj.短暂的, 短时间的简洁的, 简短的
n.概要, 摘要
vt.向…介绍基本情况, 作…的摘要
50
51 [ˈdedlain] deadline n.最后期限
52 [] vocational course n.职业课程;职业科
53 [dəˈmestik] domestic adj.本国的, 国内的家庭的, 家用的驯养的
54 [stəˈtistiks] statistics n.一项统计数据统计资料, 统计数字统计学
55 [ˈpri:buk] prebook vt.预订,预约
56 [] gap filling n.填隙;隙填充
57 [] Lord Mayor n.(英国的)市长大人
58 [inˈfleksəbl] inflexible adj.僵硬的, 不可弯曲的不可动摇的, 坚定不移的
59 [eksˈtə:nl] external adj.外面的, 外部的外观的, 表面的外国的
60 [ˌkɔnsəˈveiʃən] conservation n.保存, 保护, 避免浪费对自然环境的保护
[] sevenfold adj.七倍的,七重的
adv.七倍地
61
62 [ˈʃiliŋ] shilling n.先令(英国1971年以前的货币单位, 为一镑的二十分之一)
[straik] strike n.罢工[课, 市]袭击, 攻击突然发现; 走运
vi.罢工
vt.攻击, 袭击; 侵袭突然发现(矿藏等)(突然)出现于(某人的)脑海中给…以(
深刻)印象
vt. & vi.打, 击敲响; 报时
63
[ˈmə:də] murder n.谋杀; 谋杀案杀戮极艰难[令人沮丧]的经历对某事物造成极大的伤害[
不便]的事物
vt.谋杀糟蹋
64
duratio65 [djuəˈreiʃən] n n.持续, 持续的时间, 期间
66 [deθ] death n.死, 死亡毁灭, 消失, 终止
67 [] gold rush n.淘金热
68 [ˌθiəˈretikəl] theoretical adj.理论的推想的, 假设的
69 [əˈnæləsis] analysis n.分析分析报告
70 [] recreation therapy n.娱乐治疗;文娱治疗
71 [plænd] planned adj.计划了的,根据计划的
72 [ˌsaikəˈlɔdʒikəl] psychological adj.心理的; 精神的心理学的; 关于心理学的
[ˈpeiʃənt] patient adj.忍耐的, 有耐心的
n.患者, 病人
73
74 [əˈsesmənt] assessment n.确定, 评定评价, 看法核定的付款额
75 [] teaching hour n.教学时数
76 [] day and night n.夜以继日地; 日夜
77 [ˈspeiskrɑ:ft] spacecraft n.航天器; 宇宙飞船
78 [ˈstɑ:fiŋ] staffing n.安置职工
79 [ˈædvətaiziŋ] advertising n.广告, 广告宣传
80 [ˈdɔ:təinlɔ:] daughter-in-law n.儿媳妇
81 [] climate change n.气候变化
82 [fəˈsiliti] facility n.能力设备, 设施
[ˈʃauə] shower n.阵雨, 阵雪淋浴
vi.下阵雨; 似阵雨般降落
vt.大量地给予
83
84 [ˈblæŋkit] blanket n.毛毯, 毯子
85 [] fire alarm n.火警,报火机,警钟
86 [ˈlɔ:ndri] laundry n.洗衣店, 洗衣房洗好的衣服; 待洗的衣服
87 [ˈbeismənt] basement n.地下室, 地下层
88 [] cleaning equipment n.清理设备;清选设备
89 [ˈkʌbəd] cupboard n.柜橱
90 [] central part n.中心部分
91 [] in conclusion n.最后, 综上所述
92 [] physical education n.体育
[frindʒ] fringe n.(头发的)刘海(外衣, 小地毯等的)饰边, 毛边, 穗子, 流苏边缘, 外围
vt.作为…的边缘; 围绕着
93
[steidʒ] stage n.阶段; 时期舞台演员的职业; 戏剧表演; 舞台生涯
vt.举行
vt. & vi.上演
94
95 [] main stage n.基本台
96 [iɡˈzibitə] exhibitor n.参展者, 参展商
97 [] lock up n.将…锁住〔关押〕
arm 98 [] badge n.臂章
99 [ˈæmbjuləns] ambulance n.救护车
100[iˈfektivli] effectively adv.有效地实际上, 事实上
[mil] Mill n.米尔(①姓氏 ②James, 1773-1836, 英国经济学家 ③John Stuart, 1806-1873,
英国逻辑学、经济学家)
101
102[ˈdʒi:njəl] genial adj.和蔼的, 亲切的, 友好的温和的, 温暖的, 利于生长的
103[] bed sheet n.褥单
104[] desk lamp n.桌灯
[ˈferi] ferry n.渡船渡口
vt.渡运, 运送
105
106[ˈhɔvəkrɑ:ft] hovercraft n.气垫船
107[ˌkæfiˈtiəriə] cafeteria n.(常设在商店、工厂、学校中的)自助餐厅或食堂
108[] tropical disease n.热带病
109[sneik] snake n.蛇阴险的人
110[ˈmʌŋki] monkey n.猴; 猿淘气鬼, 小淘气, 顽童
111[tjuˈtɔ:riəl] tutorial adj.家庭教师的; 指导教师的; 家庭教师职责的

2/02/2009

导游话题卡-An Forggetable Game in Childhood

导游话题卡-An Forggetable Game in Childhood

导游网 www.daoyou.org

今天让我们的王导游给客人讲讲咱中国孩子童年最难忘的游戏- 玩打仗,让美国人、英国人也羡慕羡慕!

"游戏是儿童模仿社会生活的启蒙老师。" 玩打仗和过家家就是这类模仿性的游戏,两个游戏放在一起说很有意思——战争与和平。看来暴力与温情都是儿童的模仿对象。
现在的孩子们也玩打仗,但远没有我们那时一呼百应的排场。

那个时代,玩打仗的模式基本上都抄自电影,用孩子们的视角,把战争电影重新演绎一番。那时候电影不多,一位文联的领导归纳得很透彻,文革时期只有三部电影——"三战":《地雷战》,《地道战》,《南征北战》。再后来还有《英雄儿女》《小兵张嘠》《闪闪红星》等电影可看。玩打仗游戏也同样分内战和抗战。有时也抄袭国外作品,如《列宁在一九一八》。姜文的《阳光灿烂的日子》里,米兰初来部队大院,马小军和大蚂蚁模仿瓦西里的那场戏,就生动地描绘了我们当时的情景。

玩打仗该是个最大的游戏,好在胡同里的孩子多。通常是下学前就约定好,晚饭后一群人马刀枪聚在一起。然后分成两伙——"好人"和"坏人"。好人是解放军或八路军,当然有官有兵,而且还有通信员、警卫员,甚至把女孩安排在"后方"做卫生员。坏人是国民党官兵或者日本鬼子,当然也不乏汉奸及王连举那样的叛徒。通常组织者或年长的孩子都是正面人物,而且被封上了官,年龄小或者性格弱的不是小兵就是坏蛋。无论是做小兵还是坏蛋,重要的是服从。当小兵和坏蛋也值得敬佩,如果没有他们的奉献谁也玩不成。有个叫二梆子的没什么威信,因为给了主事儿的孩子一捧山楂干,而在一次打仗中买了个连长。可孩子们总是和他作对,让冲锋却趴着不动,让转移却单枪匹马地深入敌后。害得二梆子总是告状,使游戏中途停顿,好在主事的还能压住阵脚,使游戏继续进行。有时也公平一回,大家轮流扮演坏蛋,今天还是我军将领,明天可能就变成猪头小队长了。

玩打仗的场所在胡同或院子里不定。设好"战壕"、"指挥部"以及双方的阵地,然后开战。记得有个叫"球子"的男孩,把他们家晾晒的被褥都拿下来,有的堆成堡垒,有的铺在地上,晚上自然少不了家长的毒打。总体来说游戏没有什么章法,也没有什么胜负的标准。有的时候组织者当了坏蛋,那么最后胜利竟属于坏蛋了。但战争的细节却是丰富的:装模作样的制定作战计划;收缴和分配"战利品";牺牲后不断复活,忙着交党费和布置任务;战士"负伤"后,带着卫生员包扎的纱布继续冲锋,纱布上点着红药水儿;侦察兵深入前敌"抓舌头";接受站岗任务把守弹药库等等。有一次我儿子读一篇课文,里面讲到列宁小时候玩打仗,坚守岗哨,半夜才被找回去。他非常不理解地说:他怎么那么傻呢?我深有感触地说,儿子,爸爸小时候玩打仗真是那样啊。

打仗时,孩子们说的也不外乎电影里的那些台词,比如"冲啊……""向我开炮,……","长江长江我是黄河""我代表人民代表党枪毙了你。""你们撤,我掩护""这是我的党费……""我胡汉山又回来了!""巴嘎丫路!"
孩子们一边开着枪,一边用嘴"突突突……"地模仿着枪声。被打中的孩子是一定要装死的,这是游戏规则,不然的话,打仗转为打架,双方争个脸红脖子粗,甚至由此结仇断交。但孩子的仇易结易解,睡醒一觉,又都形影不离。有的孩子很擅长表演,把"死前"的痛苦挣扎表演得淋漓尽致,这样的孩子会被安排为"终身"坏蛋,因为"当官的"要开枪过瘾。

打仗时孩子们总会装扮一番。有的扎上大人的武装带,上面别着木头枪或者包米棒子之类的东西充当手榴弹。如果是"野战",还用树枝编成帽环戴在头上。当时如果谁有顶军帽,那是一定要当大官的,如果本人实在没能力,那就只能摘下乌纱,转给别人威风了。

当年,我二叔去黑龙江当兵,走后非常想念我,因为我是他从小扛大的。我爸爸给我照了张相邮过去,他回信时,给我邮来一件宝贝——一颗五角星,被我
奉为命根子。狗肚装不了二两香油,有一次玩打仗时我拿出来显摆,一个大孩子看到后上来就抢。我死死抓住那颗五角星,哭喊着任凭他拳打脚踢,掰断手指,在地上拖来抡去,始终也不肯撒手。如果是拍成电影的话,我一定会把这段处理成慢镜头,并让四周尘土飞扬。无奈,在他的几个爪牙的帮助下,那颗五角星还是被他"没收"了。不过为了避免我向家长告发,他后来给了我很多烟盒(烟标)算做灭口。那五角星让他彻底威风了一阵子,每次都能捞个大官当当,动不动就纠集起大伙陪他打仗,只为过过官瘾。

不光好人要装扮,坏人也得装扮。有一年夏天,一个叫"二鬼子"的扮日本鬼子。他头上搭条毛巾,上面扣着帽子,耳边就垂下两个布帘儿,皮带扎在草绿色上衣外面。下身更有创意:短裤用纸绳扎得像日本的相扑,前面兜着小鸡鸡,后面露着两个屁股蛋,还弓步挥剑地喊着鬼子冲锋的台词"丫个基基……"当时不但把我们这群孩子乐翻了,连大人都笑得前仰后合。这植根于他脑中的日本人形象是怎么来的,却无从考证。

那时的孩子们在游戏中反映出的创造能力让人吃惊。现在的玩具都是工业和科技的产物,而那时的孩子们没有现成的刀枪也没有钱,兜里装个一毛二毛的算是富裕了。都是自己做。用木头雕的手枪长枪,刷上黑漆,倒也逼真。手枪下面缀着红布条,长枪系着布条背在身上,一样的英姿飒爽。其中有一种洋火(火柴)枪,堪称精品。把七八节自行车链条孔对孔捆紧,一根铁丝穿进一个孔,余下的围成枪把枪身,另一排孔就是枪膛了。枪栓和扳机同样是铁丝做的,动力是橡皮筋,枪膛里插入火柴,不但能打响,还能把火柴棍儿发射很远。虽然有危险,但其创意、外观和实用性,值得玩味。现在如果有人还保留着这种枪,真该送入博物馆收藏了。真是"穷则变",现在的学校只能靠手工课来培养孩子们的动手能力了。
童年关于枪的记忆印象最深的一件事,可以称得上悲壮了。

一个叫大伟的少年,比我们大很多。一直被誉为心灵手巧。他自制了一把火药枪。装药试发那天,我们都来到了他的小屋。那是唐山大地震后搭起的"地震棚"。墙壁用土坯或捡来的砖头砌成,棚顶用杆子撑着几层油粘纸,虽然简易,但有炕有窗,还有简单的家具。在那时,这样一个狭小的空间对孩子来说却是一个自由的小天地。大伟精心地擦拭着火药枪,我们在一旁唏嘘。这把枪真是漂亮。枪把是木制的,还刷了红漆。撞针、扳机、瞄准器一应俱全,都是他自己打磨的,这得益于他当钳工的爸爸。枪管儿比手指粗些,是根半尺长的白钢管儿。现在想来,那时的孩子真是无法无天,竟敢私造土枪。孩子们惊讶地问,这要装了火药还不把人打死啊?大伟说,玩打仗时不装药,这枪主要是打鸟的。他拿出一个打点滴的玻璃瓶,半瓶细腻的黑色粉末,很是神秘,他说这是火药。我们这些孩子只在拆解鞭炮时,才能看到一点火药,哪里见过这么大一瓶。大伟神情严峻地把火药倒进枪管,然后用一根细铁丝轻轻地捅着。一边还给我们讲解着火药的威力,灌装的危险。装完了火药,他又往里面装入铁沙,拿来棉花塞得紧紧
的,在撞针部位放入纸炮(学称发令纸)作为引火。我们瞪大眼睛看得入迷了,尤其对他细致的讲解佩服得五体投地,简直把他奉为知识渊博的能工巧匠来崇拜。然而随后的事情却彻底捣毁了我们这份虔诚。

药装好后,就等着试枪了。我们跟在大伟的屁股后头,哄叫着翻过院墙,来到野外。这里是郊区,初春的大地已经翻了土,广阔无边。大伟蹲下来把枪架在一块石头上,冲着大地,大家都围在他身后,有的还躲在一边捂着耳朵。这时正好有两只乌鸦飞了过来,落到大地上。大伟瞄着乌鸦,我们大气都不敢出。他扣动了扳机,"砰"的一声闷响打破了寂静,随之而来的却是大伟的一声惨叫。还没等我们弄明白怎么回事,大伟已经捂着脸滚在地上。原来火药在枪膛爆炸后,从后面穿了出来,崩裂了枪管和那漂亮的枪把。
大伟出院以后,我们看到了他滑稽的模样,心目中的光辉形象由此荡然无存。他右手缠满了纱布,半个脸肿得馒头似的,红里透黑,还有一粒粒血点,那应该是铁砂弄的。他还艰难地咧着嘴装出笑意。真是万幸,保住了眼睛。但是后来他的右脸永远留下了一块青紫色的痕迹,中间是一个个麻子。据大伟后来权威性的分析说,是棉花塞得太紧了,但是我们却认为,大伟是在眉飞色舞的讲解时把火药装多了。

看来不花钱的游戏,也要付出代价的。有创造就要有冒险啊。孩子们就是在游戏中模仿着人生,品尝百般滋味。

迈克尔.费尔普斯吸毒 Michael Phelps smoking a bong

迈克尔.费尔普斯吸毒 Michael Phelps smoking a bong

RECORD eight Olympic gold medalist, US swimmer Michael Phelps has been
pictured smoking what appears to be a bong - used for inhaling
marijuana.

Michael
['maikl]
n.
迈克尔(男子名)


Phelps
[felps]
n.
费尔普斯(m.)


US
abbr.
United States 美国


bong
D.J.[bɔŋ]
K.K.[bɑŋ, bɔŋ]
noun
a water pipe used for smoking cannabis or other drugs
(抽大麻或其他毒品用的)烟枪,烟筒


inhale
D.J.[in'heil]
K.K.[ɪn'hel]
vt. & vi.
吸入


marijuana
[,mæri' hwɑ:nə]
n.
大麻

2/01/2009

世界各地表示导游的词有哪些? guides and guiding

世界各地表示导游的词有哪些?
 
daoyou (in Chinese)
noun  
a person who advises or shows the way to others  
a professional guide in charge of a tourist group.  
(Guide)(chiefly Chinese)a member of the Guides Association of China.  
a person who acts as a tourist guide, espacially in China.
 
 
cicerone
a person who acts as a guide, especially to the historical sites and antiquities of a place.
 
 
courier
British. a person hired by travelers to make arrangements for a tour and to act as guide.
 
 
cynosure
anything that guides or leads; hence, a center of attention.
 
 
pharology
the technique or practice of guiding ships by means of signal lights, as in lighthouses.
 
 
valet-de-place
a man who acts as guide to strangers and travelers.
 
 
xenagogy
Obsolete, the guiding of strangers. — xenagogue, n.
 
daoyou
[dǎoyóu]
n. 导游,指南,向导
 
cicerone  
D.J.[,tʃitʃə'rəuni] 
K.K.[,sɪsə'roni, ,tʃɪtʃə-, ,tʃitʃɛ'rɔnɛ] 
n.
(名胜古迹的)导游
 
courier  
D.J.['kʊəri:ə, 'kɜ:-, 'kʌr-] 
K.K.['kʊriɚ, 'kə..-, 'kʌr-] 
n.
1 旅游团的服务员;导游
2 (传递信息或重要文件的)信使, 通讯员
 
cynosure  
D.J.['saɪnə,ʃʊə, 'sɪnə-] 
K.K.['saɪnə,ʃʊr, 'sɪnə-] 
n.
引人注目的人(或物),焦点
 
PHAROLOGY
/fɛːˈrɒlədʒi/
n. 导游 (科学术语,指南)
 
 
valet-de-place
D.J.['vælɪt] 
n.
导游, 给初来乍到者或旅行者做导游
 
xenagogy
n. 导游, 已不用obsolete
 
 

导游英文是什么意思 What does 'daoyou or dao you" stand for?

What does 'daoyou or dao you" stand for?
导游
[dǎoyóu]
daoyou
noun
an interpreter or tourist guide, in Chinese.
a guide who gives information about attractions and sights to tourists.
cicerone; guide
vt.
tour guide
n.
tour guide(职业)
导游者
[dǎoyóuzhě]
guide
dragoman  
[ˈdragə(ʊ)mən]  
noun (pl. dragomans 或 dragomen)
an interpreter or guide, especially in countries speaking Arabic, Turkish, or Persian  
(尤指阿拉伯语、土耳其语或波斯语国家的)口译员;导游  
cicerone  
[ˌtʃɪtʃəˈrəʊni, ˌsɪs-]  
noun (pl. ciceroni 读音 同)
a guide who gives information about antiquities and places of interest to sightseers  
(名胜古迹的)导游,向导  
cicerone  
[ˌtʃitʃəˈrəuni, sisə-]  
n.
(pl.cicerones, -ni[-ni:])[意]导游人; 向导
do the cicerone
做向导
ciceroni  
pl. 导游

文章的无“我”之境界

文章的无"我"之境界

作为英语导游,如何让你写的文章出现无"我"之境界,今天让我们记住以下几个词:

argument
concept
theory
claim
proposal
view
idea
opinion
point
assertion
statement

theory
D.J.['θiəri]
K.K.['θiəri, 'θɪri]
n.
1 学说
2 理论, 原理
3 意见, 看法

argument
D.J.['ɑ:ɡju:mənt]
K.K.['ɑrɡjəmənt]
n.
1 争论, 争吵, 辩论
2 说理, 论证
3 论据, 论点, 理由
concept
D.J.['kɔnsept]
K.K.['kɑn,sɛpt]
n.
概念; 观念; 想法

argument
D.J.['ɑ:ɡju:mənt]
K.K.['ɑrɡjəmənt]
n.
1 争论, 争吵, 辩论
2 说理, 论证
3 论据, 论点, 理由


claim
D.J.[kleim]
K.K.[klem]
vt.
1 声称, 断言
2 (灾难等)使失踪或死亡
3 需要, 值得
vt. & vi.
对…提出要求, 索取
n.
1 主张, 断言
2 要求


proposal
D.J.[prə'pəuzəl]
K.K.[prə'pozəl]
n.
1 提议; 建议
2 求婚


view
D.J.[vju:]
K.K.[vju]
n.
1 看
2 视力; 视野, 视线
3 景色, 风景
4 风景画, 风景照片
5 观察某人[某事物]的特定机会
6 看法, 意见
7 考虑, 思量; 思考的方式
vt.
1 认为, 考虑
2 观看
3 〈正〉查看


idea
D.J.[ai'diə]
K.K.[aɪ'diə]
n.
1 想法, 主意
2 思想, 概念
3 知道, 了解


opinion
D.J.[ə'pinjən]
K.K.[ə'pɪnjən]
n.
1 意见, 看法, 主张
2 舆论
3 评价, 印象
4 专业性的鉴定, 劝告


point
D.J.[pɔint]
K.K.[pɔɪnt]
n.
1 要点, 论点, 观点
2 尖端; 尖儿
3 点; 小数点
4 (某一)时刻; (某一)地点
5 分数, 得分
6 目的, 意图
7 条款; 细目
vt.
1 削尖
2 增强
vt. & vi.
指; 指向


assertion
n.
1 (权利等的)主张,维护;(意见等的)坚持
2 强硬陈词;断言


statement
D.J.['steitmənt]
K.K.['stetmənt]
n.
1 声明, 陈述
2 结算单, 报表

英语导游怎样写好英文书信 The 5C principles of English letter writing

导游英语书信原则(letters & communications)
一、英文书信写作指南(The ways of English letter writing):
书信作为英语导游沟通信息的使者、与下团后与游客联络感情的纽带、友谊的桥梁,在日常生活与社会交往中有着不可忽视的作用。一封得体的书信,不仅可以传递信息、沟通思想,有助于导游与客人的促进交流,增进了解和加深友谊,而且还有助于导游开展社会交际,节省时间,减少麻烦与不便。
随着对外交流的进一步发展与扩大,英文各类信函的运用范围越来越广。但究竟如何拟就这些信函,这里边学问很大。它不光要求导游掌握书信的格式和行文准则,还要求导游勇于实践并根据具体情况对这些格式和准则加以灵活运用。

1、英文书信写作的5C原则(The 5C principles of English letter writing):
(1) Consideration(体贴):
体贴主要指在英文书信写作过程中,写信者应设身处地地想到对方,尊重对方的风俗习惯,即采取所谓的"you-attitude"(对方态度),尽可能地避免使用"I-attitude""we-attitude"(我方态度)。另外,还应该考虑到收信者的文化程度、性别等方面的因素。例如:
Your letter of July 23, 2005 arrived this morning.
Thank you very much for your kind answer to my application.
(2)Conciseness(简洁):优秀的英文书信应该行文流畅、言简意赅,避免冗长。这就是说写信者应用尽可能少的文字表达其必须传递的信息。
(3)Clarity(清晰):清晰是指写信者将所需传递的信息表达清楚,以免对方产生误解。例如:
I am writing to apply for admission to the graduate school of your university in the spring of 1999.
I am writing to apply for admission to your university.
(4)Courtesy(礼貌):书信交往,同样需要以礼待人。在写信过程中,应避免使用伤害对方感情的表达,措辞上多选用礼貌委婉的词语,如would, could, may, please, thank you。
(5)Correctness(正确):英文书信中,除了避免语法、拼写、标点符号错误外,其所引用的史料、数据等也宜准确无误。

2、英文书信结构(The structure of an English letter):

( Letterhead or typed heading)
Guangzhou Mei Sheng Company
No.100 XianLie Zhong Road
Guangzhou 510070
Phone or Fax (020) 3421-0312

October 15, 2002 (dates)

Mr. John Smith
Chief Executive Officer
West Coast Stationery, Inc.
333 Caselli Ave.
San Francisco, CA 94114 (inside address)

Dear Mr. Smith,(salutation)

  This is the first line of the first paragraph. It should state the purpose of the letter or the reason for writing. This should be brief and clear.

  This is the second paragraph. Most letters have more than one paragraph. This paragraph can be the most important part of the letter. Write what you want to tell the receiver.

  A third paragraph can be used to express another thing that you want the receiver to know.

  I'm closing this letter now so that I can demonstrate the final elements of a letter.

  Thank you for considering these suggestions. (body text)

Sincerely,
(complimentary closing)
Thomas Leng
(signature)
Thomas Leng
(typed name)
Sales Manager

Enclosure: Catalog and price list (enclosure)

  正规的英文书信一般由6个部分组成:
(1)          信头(heading):信头包括写信人的地址和写信日期。书写信头的目的在于让收信人一看便知该信来自何处、何日写就、便于收信人复信时参考。
(2)          封内地址(inside address):封内地址是指收信人地址。封内地址一般包括对收信人的礼节性称呼以及收信人的姓名、头衔和地址。

英语导游每日一词 daoyou dot org - Word of the day for Beijing personal tour guides

marmot
n. 旱獭,土拨鼠


1. heavy-bodied yellowish-brown marmot of rocky areas of western North
America.
北美洲西部多岩地区体重的黄褐色土拨鼠。

2. Do you recall using those ancient computers that ran with the
Gopher program or some generic database whose name connoted a marmot
that could take half an hour to find Moby Dick?
你还记得使用那些古老的计算机,靠运行黄鼠工具程序,或者是一种名字意味着土拨鼠的某种数据库,要花上半个小时的时间才能找到《大白鲨》这本小说吗?


1. reddish_brown North American marmot.
北美洲红褐色的土拨鼠。

2. "Hello, I am marmot, am I cute?


3. The marmot is the famous animal in this area.
土拨鼠是这里有名的小动物。

4. Characterization of the Expression of LDH Isozymes Genes During
Non-hibernation Himalayan Marmot
喜马拉雅土拨鼠非冬眠期乳酸脱氢酶同工酶基因表达特征

5. COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE ADRENAL CORTEX ULTRASTRUCTURE AND THE
FUNCTION OF MARMOT A HIMALAYANA
不同年龄喜马拉雅旱獭肾上腺皮质超微结构与功能的比较研究

6. In Heiligenblut, almost all the souvenir shops are selling the marmot toys.
在海立根布鲁特,几乎每家纪念品商店都出售土拨鼠玩具。

7. To survive as a lone marmot, you have to be tough.
一只独立的土拨鼠要想能生存下去,它必须要能经受住风风雨雨。

8. Such a cute marmot, no wander I like it so much, hehe!
如此可爱的土拨鼠,难怪我会那么喜欢它,呵呵!

9. A big marmot toy sitting on the bike, looked so funny!
一只巨大的土拨鼠玩具坐在自行车后座上,看起来真逗!

10. This idea was first promulgated by Sir Michael Marmot, of
University College, London.
这个主意首先由伦敦大学的麦克?马莫特爵士提出。

11. heavy-bodied yellowish-brown marmot of rocky areas of western
North America.
北美洲西部多岩地区体重的黄褐色土拨鼠。

12. In the hut, we found a marmot specimen, I liked it so much, then
took a picture for it.
在小木屋里,我们发现有只土拨鼠标本,我很喜欢它,于是就给它拍了张像片。

13. Taking the ecogeographical data into acount, the authors consider
the surveyed area to be a natural focus of plague with the marmot
M.baibacina as the main rservoir.
结合其它生态地理资料,判定沙湾县山地前山带鹿角湾存在鼠疫自然疫源地,并认为是以灰旱獭为主要贮存宿主的单宿主鼠疫疫源地。

14. My honey and me all like marmot so much, so we baught one which
could make the real sound, very cute!
老公和我都非常喜欢土拨鼠,所以我们买了一只连同叫声都仿真的土拨鼠玩具,非常可爱!

15. Do you recall using those ancient computers that ran with the
Gopher program or some generic database whose name connoted a marmot
that could take half an hour to find Moby Dick?
你还记得使用那些古老的计算机,靠运行黄鼠工具程序,或者是一种名字意味着土拨鼠的某种数据库,要花上半个小时的时间才能找到《大白鲨》这本小说吗?

英语导游每日一词 victuals: daoyou.org Word of the Day

1. victual an army [a ship
供给军队[船]食物

2. The ship will victual before sailing.
船于航行前先装贮食物。

3. And he fortified the strong holds, and put captains in them, and store of victual, and of oil and wine.
11罗波安又坚固各处的保障,在其中安置军长,又预备下粮食,油,酒。

4. And we will take ten men of an hundred throughout all the tribes of Israel, and an hundred of a thousand, and a thousand out of ten thousand, to fetch victual for the people, that they may do, when they come to Gibeah of Benjamin, according to all the folly that they have wrought in Israel.
10我们要在以色列各支派中,一百人挑取十人,一千人挑取百人,一万人挑取千人,为民运粮,等大众到了便雅悯的基比亚,就照基比亚人在以色列中所行的丑事征伐他们。

Olympic terms in English - daoyou dot org - Word of the Day

第29届北京奥运会项目名称(28大项,302小项)
大项(英) 大项 (中) 分项(英) 分项(中) 小项(英) 小项(中)
Aquatics 游泳 Swimming 游泳 Men's 50m Freestyle 男子50米自由泳
Men's 100m Freestyle 男子100米自由泳
Men's 200m Freestyle 男子200米自由泳
Men's 400m Freestyle 男子400米自由泳
Men's 1500m Freestyle 男子1500米自由泳
Men's 100m Backstroke 男子100米仰泳
Men's 200m Backstroke 男子200米仰泳
Men's 100m Breaststroke 男子100米蛙泳
Men's 200m Breaststroke 男子200米蛙泳
Men's 100m Butterfly 男子100米蝶泳
Men's 200m Butterfly 男子200米蝶泳
Men's 200m Individual Medley 男子200米混合泳
Men's 400m Individual Medley 男子400米混合泳
Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay 男子4×100米自由泳接力
Men's 4×200m Freestyle Relay 男子4×200米自由泳接力
Men's 4×100m Medley Relay 男子4×100米混合泳接力
Aquatics 游泳 Swimming 游泳 Men's Marathon 10km 男子10公里公开水域
Women's 50m Freestyle 女子50米自由泳
Women's 100m Freestyle 女子100米自由泳
Women's 200m Freestyle 女子200米自由泳
Women's 400m Freestyle 女子400米自由泳
Women's 800m Freestyle 女子800米自由泳
Women's 100m Backstroke 女子100米仰泳
Women's 200m Backstroke 女子200米仰泳
Women's 100m Breaststroke 女子100米蛙泳
Women's 200m Breaststroke 女子200米蛙泳
Women's 100m Butterfly 女子100米蝶泳
Women's 200m Butterfly 女子200米蝶泳
Women's 200m Individual Medley 女子200米混合泳
Women's 400m Individual Medley 女子400米混合泳
Women's 4×100m Freestyle Relay 女子4×100米自由泳接力
Women's 4×200m Freestyle Relay 女子4×200米自由泳接力
Women's 4×100m Medley Relay 女子4×100米混合泳接力
Women's Marathon 10km 女子10公里公开水域
Aquatics 游泳 Diving 跳水 Men's Individual Springboard 男子3米跳板
Men's Synchronized Springboard 男子双人3米跳板
Men's Individual Platform 男子10米跳台
Men's Synchronized Platform 男子双人10米跳台
Women's Individual Springboard 女子3米跳板
Women's Synchronized Springboard 女子双人3米跳板
Women's Individual Platform 女子10米跳台
Women's Synchronized Platform 女子双人10米跳台
Synchronized Swimming 花样游泳 Duet Competition 双人
Team Competition 集体
Water Polo 水球 Men 男子
Women 女子
Archery 射箭     Men's Individual Competition 男子奥林匹克淘汰赛个人赛
Men's Team Competition 男子奥林匹克淘汰赛团体赛
Women's Individual Competition 女子奥林匹克淘汰赛个人赛
Women's Team Competition 女子奥林匹克淘汰赛团体赛
Athletics 田径     Men's 100m 男子100米
Men's 200m 男子200米
Men's 400m 男子400米
Athletics 田径     Men's 800m 男子800米
Men's 1500m 男子1500米
Men's 5000m 男子5000米
Men's 10000m 男子10000米
Men's 110m Hurdles 男子110米栏
Men's 400m Hurdles 男子400米栏
Men's 3000m Steeplechase 男子3000米障碍
Men's 20km Race Walk 男子20公里竞走
Men's 50km Race Walk 男子50公里竞走
Men's 4×100m Relay 男子4×100米接力
Men's 4×400m Relay 男子4×400米接力
Men's Marathon 男子马拉松
Men's High Jump 男子跳高
Men's Long Jump 男子跳远
Men's Triple Jump 男子三级跳远
Men's Pole Vault 男子撑竿跳高
Men's Shot Put 男子铅球
Men's Discus Throw 男子铁饼
Men's Javelin Throw 男子标枪
Athletics 田径     Men's Hammer Throw 男子链球
Men's Decathlon 男子十项全能
Women's 100m 女子100米
Women's 200m 女子200米
Women's 400m 女子400米
Women's 800m 女子800米
Women's 1500m 女子1500米
Women's 5000m 女子5000米
Women's 10000m 女子10000米
Women's 100m Hurdles 女子100米栏
Women's 400m Hurdles 女子400米栏
Women's 3000m Steeplechase 女子3000米障碍
Women's 20km Race Walk 女子20公里竞走
Women's 4×100m Relay 女子4×100米接力
Women's 4×400m Relay 女子4×400米接力
Women's Marathon 女子马拉松
Women's High Jump 女子跳高
Women's Long Jump 女子跳远
Women's Triple Jump 女子三级跳远
Athletics 田径     Women's Pole Vault 女子撑竿跳高
Women's Shot Put 女子铅球
Women's Discus Throw 女子铁饼
Women's Javelin Throw 女子标枪
Women's Hammer Throw 女子链球
Women's Heptathlon 女子七项全能
Badminton 羽毛球     Men's Singles 男子单打
Men's Doubles 男子双打
Women's Singles 女子单打
Women's Doubles 女子双打
Mixed Doubles 混合双打
Baseball 棒球     Men 男子
Basketball 篮球     Men 男子
Women 女子
Boxing 拳击     Men's Light Fly Weight 男子-48公斤级
Men's Fly Weight 男子48-51公斤级
Men's Bantam Weight 男子51-54公斤级
Men's Feather Weight 男子54-57公斤级
Men's Light Weight 男子57-60公斤级
Boxing 拳击     Men's Light Welter Weight 男子60-64公斤级
Men's Welter Weight 男子64-69公斤级
Men's Middle Weight 男子69-75公斤级
Men's Light Heavy Weight 男子75-81公斤级
Men's Heavy Weight 男子81-91公斤级
Men's Super Heavy Weight 男子+91公斤级
Canoe/Kayak 皮划艇 Flatwater 静水 Men's K-1 500m 男子单人皮艇500米
Men's K-1 1000m 男子单人皮艇1000米
Men's K-2 500m 男子双人皮艇500米
Men's K-2 1000m 男子双人皮艇1000米
Men's K-4 1000m 男子四人皮艇1000米
Men's C-1 500m 男子单人划艇500米
Men's C-1 1000m 男子单人划艇1000米
Men's C-2 500m 男子双人划艇500米
Men's C-2 1000m 男子双人划艇1000米
Women's K-1 500m 女子单人皮艇500米
Women's K-2 500m 女子双人皮艇500米
Women's k-4 500m 女子四人皮艇500米
Slalom 激流回旋 Men's K-1 Kayak Single 男子单人皮艇
Canoe/Kayak 皮划艇 Slalom 激流回旋 Men's C-1 Canoe Single 男子单人划艇
Men's C-2 Canoe Double 男子双人划艇
Women's K-1 Kayak Single 女子单人皮艇
Cycling 自行车 Track 场地 Men's Sprint 男子争先赛
Men's Team Sprint 男子团体竞速赛
Men's Individual Pursuit 男子4公里个人追逐赛
Men's Team Pursuit 男子4公里团体追逐赛
Men's Points Race 男子记分赛
Men's Madison 男子麦迪逊赛
Men's Keirin 男子凯林赛
Women's Sprint 女子争先赛
Women's Individual Pursuit 女子3公里个人追逐赛
Women's Points Race 女子记分赛
Road 公路 Men's Mass Start Event 男子公路个人赛
Men's Time Trial Event 男子公路个人计时赛
Women's Mass Start Event 女子公路个人赛
Women's Time Trial Event 女子公路个人计时赛
Mountain Bike 山地车 Men's Cross-Country 男子越野赛
Women's Cross-Country 女子越野赛
BMX 小轮车 Men's Race 男子BMX个人赛
Women's Race 女子BMX个人赛
Equestrian 马术 Eventing 三项赛 Team Competition 三项赛团体
Individual Competition 三项赛个人
Dressage 盛装舞步 Team Competition 盛装舞步团体
Individual Competition 盛装舞步个人
Jumping 场地障碍 Team Competition 场地障碍团体
Individual Competition 场地障碍个人
Fencing 击剑     Men's Foil Individual 男子花剑个人
Men's Epee Individual 男子重剑个人
Men's Epee Team 男子重剑团体
Men's Sabre Individual 男子佩剑个人
Men's Sabre Team 男子佩剑团体
Women's Foil Individual 女子花剑个人
Women's Foil Team 女子花剑团体
Women's Epee Individual 女子重剑个人
Women's Sabre Team 女子佩剑团体
Women's Sabre Individual 女子佩剑个人
Football 足球     Men 男子
Women 女子
Gymnastics 体操 Artistic Gymnastics 体操 Men's Team Competition 男子团体
Men's Individual Competition 男子个人全能
Men's Floor 男子自由体操
Men's Pommel Horse 男子鞍马
Men's Rings 男子吊环
Men's Vault 男子跳马
Men's Parallel Bars 男子双杠
Men's Horizontal Bar 男子单杠
Women's Team Competition 女子团体
Women's Individual Competition 女子个人全能
Women's Vault 女子跳马
Women's Uneven Bars 女子高低杠
Women's Balance Beam 女子平衡木
Women's Floor 女子自由体操
Gymnastics 体操 Rhythmic Gymnastics 艺术体操 Individual Competition 女子个人全能
Group Competition 女子集体全能
Trampoline 蹦床 Men's Individual Event 男子个人赛
Women's Individual Event 女子个人赛
Handball 手球     Men 男子
Women 女子
Hockey 曲棍球     Men 男子
Women 女子
Judo 柔道     Men's Up to 60kg 男子-60公斤级
Men's 60 to 66kg 男子60-66公斤级
Men's 66 to 73kg 男子66-73公斤级
Men's 73 to 81kg 男子73-81公斤级
Men's 81 to 90kg 男子81-90公斤级
Men's 90 to 100kg 男子90-100公斤级
Men's Over 100kg 男子+100公斤级
Women's Up to 48kg 女子-48公斤级
Women's 48 to 52kg 女子48-52公斤级
Women's 52 to 57kg 女子52-57公斤级
Women's 57 to 63kg 女子57-63公斤级
Women's 63 to 70kg 女子63-70公斤级
Women's 70 to 78kg 女子70-78公斤级
Women's Over 78kg 女子+78公斤级
Modern Pentathlon 现代五项     Men's Individual Competition 男子个人赛
Women's Individual Competition 女子个人赛
Rowing 赛艇     Men's Single Sculls (1×) 男子单人双桨
Men's Pairs (2-) 男子双人单桨无舵手
Men's Double Sculls (2×) 男子双人双桨无舵手
Men's Fours (4-) 男子四人单桨无舵手
Men's Quadruple Sculls (4×) 男子四人双桨无舵手
Men's Eights (8+) 男子八人单桨有舵手
Men's Lightweight Double Sculls (2×) 男子轻量级双人双桨无舵手
Men's Lightweight Fours (4-) 男子轻量级四人单桨无舵手
Women's Single Sculls (1×) 女子单人双桨
Women's Pairs (2-) 女子双人单桨无舵手
Women's Double Sculls (2×) 女子双人双桨无舵手
Women's Quadruple Sculls (4×) 女子四人双桨无舵手
Women's Eights (8+) 女子八人单桨有舵手
Women's Lightweight Double Sculls (2×) 女子轻量级双人双桨无舵手
Sailing 帆船     470-Men's Two Person Dinghy 男子双人艇470级
Laser-Men's One Person Dinghy 男子单人艇激光级
Star-Men's Keelboat 男子龙骨船星级
RS:X-Men's Windsurfer 男子帆板RS:X
470-Women's Two Person Dinghy 女子双人艇470级
Sailing 帆船     Yngling-Women's Keelboat 女子龙骨船英凌级
Laser Radial-Women's One Person Dinghy 女子单人艇激光雷迪尔级
RS:X-Women's Windsurfer 女子帆板RS:X
Finn-Heavyweight Dinghy 重量级艇芬兰人级
49er-Skiff 快船49人级
Tornado-Multihull 多体船托纳多级
Shooting 射击     Men's 10m Air Pistol 男子10米气手枪
Men's 25m Rapid Fire Pistol 男子25米手枪速射
Men's 50m Pistol 男子50米手枪
Men's 10m Air Rifle 男子10米气步枪
Men's 50m Rifle 3 posisitons 男子50米步枪3种姿势
Men's 50m Rifle Prone 男子50米步枪卧射
Men's Double Trap 男子飞碟双多向
Men's Trap 男子飞碟多向
Men's Skeet 男子飞碟双向
Women's 10m Air Pistol 女子10米气手枪
Women's 25m Pistol 女子25米手枪
Women's 10m Air Rifle 女子10米气步枪
Women's 50m Rifle 3 Positions 女子50米步枪3种姿势
Shooting 射击     Women's Trap 女子飞碟多向
Women's Skeet 女子飞碟双向
Softball 垒球     Women 女子
Table Tennis 乒乓球     Men's Singles 男子单打
Men's Teams 男子团体
Women's Singles 女子单打
Women's Teams 女子团体
Taekwondo 跆拳道     Men's Under 58kg 男子-58公斤级
Men's Under 68kg 男子-68公斤级
Men's Under 80kg 男子-80公斤级
Men's Over 80kg 男子+80公斤级
Women's Under 49kg 女子-49公斤级
Women's Under 57kg 女子-57公斤级
Women's Under 67kg 女子-67公斤级
Women's Over 67kg 女子+67公斤级
Tennis 网球     Men's Singles 男子单打
Men's Doubles 男子双打
Women's Singles 女子单打
Women's Doubles 女子双打
Triathlon 铁人三项     Men's Olympic Distance Competition 男子个人赛
Women's Olympic Distance Competition 女子个人赛
Volleyball 排球 Volleyball 排球 Men 男子
Women 女子
Beach Volleyball 沙滩排球 Men 男子
Women 女子
Weightlifting 举重     Men's 56kg 男子56公斤级
Men's 62kg 男子62公斤级
Men's 69kg 男子69公斤级
Men's 77kg 男子77公斤级
Men's 85kg 男子85公斤级
Men's 94kg 男子94公斤级
Men's 105kg 男子105公斤级
Men's +105kg 男子+105公斤级
Women's 48kg 女子48公斤级
Women's 53kg 女子53公斤级
Women's 58kg 女子58公斤级
Women's 63kg 女子63公斤级
Weightlifting 举重     Women's 69kg 女子69公斤级
Women's 75kg 女子75公斤级
Women's +75kg 女子+75公斤级
Wrestling 摔跤     Men's Freestyle Up to 55kg 男子自由跤-55公斤级
Men's Freestyle 55 to 60kg 男子自由跤-60公斤级
Men's Freestyle 60 to 66kg 男子自由跤-66公斤级
Men's Freestyle 66 to 74kg 男子自由跤-74公斤级
Men's Freestyle 74 to 84kg 男子自由跤-84公斤级
Men's Freestyle 84 to 96kg 男子自由跤-96公斤级
Men's Freestyle 96 to 120kg 男子自由跤120公斤级
Men's Greco-Roman Up to 55kg 男子古典跤-55公斤级
Men's Greco-Roman 55 to 60kg 男子古典跤-60公斤级
Men's Greco-Roman 60 to 66kg 男子古典跤-66公斤级
Men's Greco-Roman 66 to 74kg 男子古典跤-74公斤级
Men's Greco-Roman 74 to 84kg 男子古典跤-84公斤级
Men's Greco-Roman 84 to 96kg 男子古典跤-96公斤级
Men's Greco-Roman 96 to 120kg 男子古典跤120公斤级
Women's Freestyle Up to 48kg 女子自由跤-48公斤级
Women's Freestyle 48 to 55kg 女子自由跤-55公斤级
Women's Freestyle 55 to 63kg 女子自由跤-63公斤级
Women's Freestyle 63 to 72kg 女子自由跤72公斤级